Full-duplex communication is a communication paradigm enabling simultaneous data transmission and reception over the same frequency band or physical channel. As a research concept, it investigates the theoretical principles and practical technologies required to achieve this bidirectional flow, particularly focusing on the mitigation of self-interference. Key characteristics include simultaneous operation and the critical challenge of separating transmitted and received signals, while its significance lies in the potential for substantially increased spectral efficiency, reduced latency, and enhanced system capacity in communication systems.